Nerve Trauma, Entrapment and RSD
A nerve entrapment is caused when a peripheral nerve loses mobility, flexibility, or becomes compressed by surrounding tissues. A nerve entrapment can cause neuropathic / neurogenic pain that can be either acute or chronic in nature.
Entrapment neuropathies occur within peripheral nerves and is typically characterized by pain and/or loss of function (motor and/or sensory) of the nerves as a result of chronic compression. To adequately diagnose a nerve entrapment, it is important to know the neural pathways and areas of responsibility of the peripheral nerves.
Nerve entrapment syndromes can result from a chronic injury to a nerve as it travels through an osseoligamentous tunnel; the compression is typically between the ligamentous canal and adjacent bony surfaces.
In cases of nerve entrapment, at least one portion of the compressive surface is mobile. This results in either a repetitive “slapping” insult or a “rubbing/sliding” compression against sharp or tight edges, with motion at the adjacent joint, resulting in a chronic injury. Immobilization of the nerve with a splint or lifestyle adjustments may therefore resolve the symptoms. Entrapment neuropathies can also be caused by systemic disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis, pregnancy, acromegaly, or hypothyroidism.